What to Do With a Low SAT

How to manage a Low SAT/ACT Score SAT/ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips You got your SAT/ACT score back, and it isn't what you'd trusted it'd be. Despite the fact that the SAT and ACT are each only a couple of hours long, the score you get regularly means a third or a greater amount of school confirmations and can consequently bigly affect your future. The way that you're searching for arrangements is a decent initial step. It's significant, presently like never before, not to go ballistic and to rather tranquilly design the best strides forward. In this article, we go over our main four hints for how to manage a low SAT or ACT score. Tip 1: Take the ACT/SAT Again Except if you're taking the ACT/SAT in December or February of your senior year, odds are you'll have another chance to step through the examination. The prior you are in secondary school, the additional time you'll need to chip away at improving your grade. In case you're perusing this in the fall of your senior year and still need to attempt to raise your grades before you apply to school, I recommend getting on the web at the present time and enrolling for the following SAT or ACT (yet you should initially affirm that its scores will get to your schools in time). Taking the ACT/SAT is ground-breaking to such an extent that, regardless of whether you don't prepare a lot, your normal superscore can increment significantly (see here why superscoring implies you should take it once more). In any case, to take advantage of a retake, you'll need to prepare. To discover what the most ideal approach to prepare is, look at our free book contrasting SAT/ACT test prep techniques. Tip 2: Take the Other Test In the event that you've been taking just the ACT without having thought about the SAT, attempt the SAT, and the other way around. The two tests really have a great deal of similitudes nowadays, so you shouldn't experience an excessive amount of difficulty changing to another test. In case you're as yet not certain which test you'd be better at, investigate our surefire highest quality level strategy to make sense of the better test for you. A few understudies perform significantly better on one test;therefore, it's critical to ensure you're stepping through the correct examination for you! Tip 3: Examine the Reasons You Did Poorly on the ACT/SAT It's critical to logically separate the reasons you did inadequately on the ACT/SAT. For the SAT, you canrequest a duplicate of the test you took with your reactions throughthe College Board's Question-and-Answer Service. This administration releases you over your mistaken answers and consider the reasons you might have them wrong. This last organization can give you a more clear thought with respect to what you have to enhance a retake. On the off chance that you took the ACT, you can demand a Test Information Release (TIR). This administration is like the SAT one above in that it lets you see your inquiries, answers, and an answer key. By and by, you can utilize this for your potential benefit by showing signs of improvement image of your qualities and shortcomings. When you comprehend what your powerless focuses are on your test, you can focus on these all the more viably utilizing centered prep and authority practice materials for the ACT and SAT. Tip 4: Get Stronger in Other Areas Great SAT/ACT scores are perhaps the fastest approaches to reinforce your affirmation possibilities. Notwithstanding, schools do search for different signs of your scholarly capacities and potential also. To put it plainly, you can't simply depend on your grades alone! Here are a few highlights that are sure to help your odds of confirmation: A high GPA:To raise your GPA, you'll have to read hard for tests, get your work done accurately and hand it over on schedule, and give more consideration to your instructors during class. Quality proposal letters:If you need strong suggestion letters for your school applications, you should set aside the effort to create solid associations with your educators over various years. Clubs: Extracurriculars can show that you're a dedicated and dynamic understudy. Yet, don't simply join clubs-do well in them, as well! Know that there is a trick, however. These characteristics by and large take a very long time to create, and on the off chance that you have years, you should take a shot at raising your SAT/ACT scores, as well (which can improve generously after extreme, centered contemplating). On the off chance that you don't have a lot of time left before your applications are expected, be that as it may, your two best choices are as per the following: Compose an incredible affirmation essay:Pouring some additional time into your own announcement can leave a positive, enduring impact on the entrance advisory board, regardless of whether the remainder of your application isn't as solid. Word your application carefully:It's beneficial to invest energy ensuring your general application-particularly any short reactions are the most ideal quality. Eventually, a lower SAT/ACT score doesn't really imply that you won't get into the school you had always wanted. Regardless of whether you don't make any large enhancements for the ACT/SAT, you may in any case get an opportunity in the event that you simply give somewhat more consideration to different pieces of your application! What's Next? What's a decent SAT score? A decent ACT score?Read our advisers for realize what score you'll require on every test to be viewed as acceptable and incredible. Need more tips to assist you with getting an incredible SAT/ACT score? Look at our extensive advisers for gain proficiency with the best SAT tips and ACT deceives out there. Need to improve your SAT score by 160 or your ACT score by 4 points?We've composed a guide for each test about the best 5 procedures you should use to have a taken shots at improving your score. Download it with the expectation of complimentary at this point:

Wuthering Heights - Series of Contrasts :: essays research papers

A) Catherine’s love for Heathcliff is conflicted between both Heathcliff and Edgar Linton †clashing loyalties. Her adoration for Heathcliff is provoked by driving forces to dismiss social shows. Her adoration for Heathcliff makes her pitch fits and to go around the field. She considers Heathcliff her perfect partner: their life growing up together, their agreeable occasions on the field, and her opportunity and guiltlessness of her adolescence. â€Å"If I’ve fouled up, I’m kicking the bucket for it. It is sufficient! You left me too †yet I won’t berate you! I pardon you. Pardon me!† speaks to Catherine’s love but her savage treatment of Heathcliff for wedding Edgar to achieve material and social additions. B) In part 17 Isabelle comes back to the Grange in physical chaos. She saw Heathcliff as a sentimental figure, similar to a character one would discover in a novel. However, her choice to go with Heathcliff ruins her life. He stays away forever her sentiments and treats her as an instrument in his examination of retribution on the Linton family. C) Both ladies want to be with Heathcliff, while just Isabella winds up wedding Heathcliff. Heathcliff’s love for Isabella is a negligible device to accomplish his definitive objective of retribution. He weds her as a mean of retribution. Then again, Heathcliff and Catherine would finish one another, they are perfect partners. Neither of their encounters are fruitful and the two of them don't get what they initially wanted (the affection for their life). 2. A) When Hindley's significant other Frances bites the dust not long after bringing forth their child Hareton, Hindley slips into liquor abuse and scattering. Nelly expected Hindley to get calm and go to his wife’s memorial service. â€Å"'Yesterday, you know, Mr. Earnshaw ought to have been at the memorial service. He kept himself calm for the reason - bearably calm: not heading to sleep frantic at six o'clock and becoming up inebriated at twelve. Thusly, he rose, in self-destructive low spirits, as fit for the congregation concerning a move; and rather, he plunked somewhere around the fire and gulped gin or cognac by tumblerfuls.† B) â€Å"But, I thought in my brain, Hindley, with clearly the more grounded head, has shown himself unfortunately the more terrible and the more vulnerable man. At the point when his boat struck, the skipper relinquished his post; and the group, rather than attempting to spare her, raced into mob and disarray, leaving no desire for their unfortunate vessel. Linton, despite what might be expected, shown the genuine mental fortitude of a reliable and devoted soul: he confided in God; and God helped him† Wuthering Heights - Series of Contrasts :: articles explore papers A) Catherine’s love for Heathcliff is conflicted between both Heathcliff and Edgar Linton †clashing loyalties. Her affection for Heathcliff is incited by driving forces to dismiss social shows. Her affection for Heathcliff makes her pitch fits and to go around the field. She considers Heathcliff her perfect partner: their life growing up together, their charming occasions on the field, and her opportunity and honesty of her adolescence. â€Å"If I’ve fouled up, I’m passing on for it. It is sufficient! You left me too †however I won’t criticize you! I excuse you. Excuse me!† speaks to Catherine’s love but her merciless treatment of Heathcliff for wedding Edgar to accomplish material and social additions. B) In section 17 Isabelle comes back to the Grange in physical confusion. She saw Heathcliff as a sentimental figure, similar to a character one would discover in a novel. However, her choice to go with Heathcliff ruins her life. He stays away for the indefinite future her emotions and treats her as a device in his examination of vengeance on the Linton family. C) Both ladies want to be with Heathcliff, while just Isabella winds up wedding Heathcliff. Heathcliff’s love for Isabella is a minor device to accomplish his definitive objective of retribution. He weds her as a mean of vengeance. Then again, Heathcliff and Catherine would finish one another, they are perfect partners. Neither of their encounters are effective and the two of them don't get what they initially wanted (the affection for their life). 2. A) When Hindley's better half Frances passes on not long after bringing forth their child Hareton, Hindley slips into liquor addiction and scattering. Nelly expected Hindley to get calm and go to his wife’s memorial service. â€Å"'Yesterday, you know, Mr. Earnshaw ought to have been at the burial service. He kept himself calm for the reason - fairly calm: not heading to sleep distraught at six o'clock and becoming up inebriated at twelve. Thusly, he rose, in self-destructive low spirits, as fit for the congregation concerning a move; and rather, he plunked somewhere around the fire and gulped gin or liquor by tumblerfuls.† B) â€Å"But, I thought in my brain, Hindley, with obviously the more grounded head, has shown himself tragically the more awful and the more vulnerable man. At the point when his boat struck, the skipper relinquished his post; and the group, rather than attempting to spare her, raced into uproar and disarray, leaving no desire for their cursed vessel. Linton, despite what might be expected, shown the genuine fearlessness of a dedicated and dependable soul: he confided in God; and God helped him†

Kofi Annan Graduation Speech COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

Kofi Annan Graduation Speech COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog Earlier in the week I posted a few photos I took of the SIPA graduation ceremony with my phone.   This is the follow up post I promised now that our media team has had some time to publish information for distribution.   The entire ceremony was captured and can be viewed by clicking here. Kofi Anna was the graduation speaker and here is his address to the SIPA Class of 2011. Here are a few more pictures to enjoy as well.   The President of the University, Lee Bollinger, and his wife shared a special moment with their daughter who graduated from the MIA program. What kinds of friendships can you expect to develop as a SIPA student?   The kind where someone helps you to graduate, even when you cannot make it to the ceremony.   This graduate is holding a gown draped on a hanger with a photo of the missing graduate. Mr. Annan likely had a sore hand and tired feet at the end of the day he shook the hand of every graduate and hung out at the reception (with his lovely wife). A SIPA graduate . . . with a possible future SIPA student.

The Islamic State Of Iraq - 1762 Words

The Islamic State has been created in 2003 during the invasion of Iraq by a Jordanian in order to expel Americans. The movement has been linked to Al-Qaeda but has been weaken by the American offensive. However since 2011 the organization has used the Syrian civil war to regain influence and territories. In 2013 Al-Qaeda rejected the movement because of its violence. They tried to create an alliance with Al-Nosra which refused because of its violence too. The Islamic State has been known under several names: first Tawhid wal Djihad, Al-Qaeda in Iraq, Islamic State of Iraq, Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant, Islamic State of Iraq and Syria and then Islamic State. But under its different names, its goal has always been the same: to†¦show more content†¦The USA has really reconsidered the threat of this group after the kidnapping and execution of two American journalists and the quick rising tide of the organization. So how the USA is dealing with the ISIS threat and is its strategy suitable? We may wonder why the Islamic State is difficult to struggle, what is the American strategy to â€Å"eradicate† this terrorist group and what are the limits of the strategy of the international coalition led by the USA. The Islamic State is currently considered as the major threat of the USA according to a recent survey on American people . But is this group really strong, well-equipped and so a threat for the West? Firstly the Islamic State is the wealthiest terrorist group of the world. At the beginning some Gulf countries have helped the group but have stopped with the raising of its violence. But now the group is self-financed with racketeering and robbery of conquered territories. For instance the capture of the city of Mossoul gave a lot of money staying in its banks. But the group is also using the money of ransoms for hostages and is mainly dealing lots of oil. However this wealth is not the only reason of its strength. The problem is that we do not know accurately the allies or supporters of the Islamic State. As a consequence we do not know exactly the men that the organization has in its ranks.

Women s Rights And Freedoms - 1561 Words

Women have played a defining role in contributing to shaping Canada, as well as the classic Charter of Rights and Freedoms, mainly to promote gender equality which has become the core values in Canada today. Canada’s Charter of Rights and Freedoms is a bill of rights fixed in the Constitution of Canada, and is the first part of the Constitution Act. Women’s rights and freedoms are protected under Section 15 (1985) which guarantees equality rights and Section 28 (1985) which guarantees that all the rights enclosed in the Charter of Rights and Freedoms apply to both genders; male or female equally. (Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, 1982). Sexism has been around for a long time despite these strong regulations, and that too mainly†¦show more content†¦(Elliot.2014) The school board stated to CTV NEWS that â€Å"we’re trying to teach them how to be ready for life when they graduate high school, be it university or perhaps a job.† I oppose this statement as a dress code now should not have anything to do with an individual’s future. Also, some people may argue that it puts others at stake unintentionally such as young males, and male teachers. It is said that provocative clothing attracts the opposite sex, but what we should be putting forward is the saying that humans should learn to control rather than restrict. There is a bias in schools and educational institutions due to the impression that without a dress code there will be breakdown of discipline, lack in academic success, and approach of sexuality. There is excess attention attracted towards the negativities of not having a dress code, but we do not see that dress codes restrict freedom of expression, or â€Å"form of art.† Being able to express your feelings and thoughts through appearance in your own way had the ability to boost self confidence, which is psychologically shown to improve and maintain good health, as well as promote any form of succe ss especially at an age where individuals are yet to learn of themselves. A female could be bare appearance (naked) but have extensive amounts of knowledge and intelligence; therefore females should not be singled out over dress codes which should be banned as it does not define aShow MoreRelatedWomen s Freedom And Rights1814 Words   |  8 Pagesto day basis it is easy to take all of our freedoms and rights for granted. At this point in time, we don’t even have to worry about losing them, they will always be protected. This was not always the case, all of the freedoms and rights that we have, were fought for, sacrificed for, and earned through dedication and persistance. In 1840, at the Wesleyan Chapel in Seneca Falls, N.Y., the first ever US women’s rights convention was held with almost 200 women in attendance. Lucretia Mott and ElizabethRead MoreWomen s Freedom And Democratic Rights915 Words   |  4 PagesTherefore, the issue of how people’s freedom and d emocratic rights could be overseen in a notion like sadd al-dharai needs addressing. There is an assumption that Islam would not and could not allow any democracy in its society or any form of human rights. Islamic law is considered and often seen as pre-modern and absolutely no human rights component found within it (Robinson Wetherly, 2012). A lack of understanding of Shari’ah is prominent in the West. Its worth mentioning that, what may seemRead MoreReproductive Freedom And Its Impact On Women s Rights1521 Words   |  7 Pageswomen’s reproductive rights once said, â€Å"Reproductive freedom is critical to a whole range of issues. If we can’t take charge of this most personal aspect of our lives, we can’t take care of anything. It should not be seen as a privilege or as a benefit, but a fundamental human right.† In many traditional societies around the world, women’s rights regarding their own reproductive choices may seem as limited as their opportunities for them. Cultures in which that deny women s rights and lessen the degreeRead MoreChanging Environment Of Women s Rights And The Paradox Of Sexual Freedom1458 Words   |  6 Pagesrelationshi Although the popular talk of women rights and freedom in the society does help women in certain degree to develop a sense of control and success in recent years, the topics of sex and relationships remain controversial and shameful to talk about. In â€Å"Selections from Hard to Get: Twenty-something Women and the Paradox of Sexual Freedom†, Leslie Bell discovers in her experiments and interviews that despite the choices of freedom and exploration modern women have, they are even more confused thanRead MoreAnalysis Of Gbowee Gbowee And A Fighter For Peace, Freedom, And Women s Rights1225 Words   |  5 PagesLeymah Gbowee is introduced as a Nobel Laureate and a fighter for peace, freedom, and women’s rights in her home country of Liberia; primarily throughout their civil war. She begins by walking the audience through several of the key stages of protesting. Gboweee discusses her troubles, seemingly insurmountable obstacles at times, and successes. She also discusses h ow she was singled out to be a leader among the protesting women of Liberia. As a leader she and her fellow protestors gave demands to theRead MoreSpeech On Women s Rights1080 Words   |  5 Pagesdelivered a speech on women’s rights at the United Nations Fourth World Conference of Women. As Clinton stood in front of an audience of thousands she proudly stated â€Å"If there is one message that echoes forth from this conference, let it be that human rights are women’s rights and women’s rights are human rights once and for all.† The target of the conference was to inform the audience of government officials, leaders of organizations and the public on the problems women throughout the world face. Clinton’sRead MoreThe Changing Definition Of Freedom Essay1420 Words   |  6 Pages The Changing Definition of Freedom in the US Jasmin Mesner History to 1877 12 October 2016 Many ideas are important within the American culture, but to the American sense of patriotism, freedom is most fundamental. The idea of freedom is central to the American politics – which is at times referred to as liberty. Since the birth of the nation, freedom has been the vocabulary of the American language and its importance cannot be underestimated. The Declaration of Independence, for instanceRead MoreThe Changes in the Role of Women throughout Different Eras1381 Words   |  6 PagesThe role of women changes tremendously throughout several eras. Women in the Puritan era are restricted to most rights in which men have, while women in the 1920s are more independent and rebellious against communal standing. In the Puritan era, the rights of women are from dreadfully restrictive to none. Puritan women are personified to be women who continually do what they are told, otherwise known as being â€Å"the good wife.† Later in the Victorian era, women began to feel impri soned because theyRead MoreFreedom And Freedom Of Freedom872 Words   |  4 PagesWhat is freedom? Many people have a different view of freedom. Some people can see freedom politically, financially, or freedom of expression. The meaning and views about freedom had changed throughout history. Due to European s social crisis, which causes many poor colonists to leave England for North America. Many early European settlers came to North America because they wanted more religious freedom, to set up their own colony, and have a better government. ...as in a well governed and ChristianRead MoreThe History of American Freedom Essay1331 Words   |  6 Pagesair, and civil rights are plentiful. These accounts maybe accentuated; however, the underlying message is that the American people have more freedoms then the peoples of other nations do. The most widely known American identity is freedom, and even though that American identity has been tried and tested throughout much of its history, it can still be said that America is a land of liberty. When the dogmatic kings of 17th century Europe started to abuse their own people’s rights and persecute the

The Grieving of the White Mistress Free Essays

I did not know what time it was. I was still in my bed and comfortably tucked in my sheets. Everything is still, no chirping of the birds and no squeaks from the squirrels. We will write a custom essay sample on The Grieving of the White Mistress or any similar topic only for you Order Now Only the whispers of the winds that hustled against the glass windows broke the overwhelming silence. The fire is burning at the fireplace and I could smell the wood burning. But no matter how thick my flannel pajamas are layered with my thermal, I could not help myself from shivering. My eyes were still closed but my brain was already conscious. Apparently, my down covers have fallen from my bed. As I tried to reach for it I saw through my bedroom window that it was already snowing. It was the first day of snow of the year, and it was magnificent. It was the day before Thanksgiving. The crimson leaves of the deciduous trees that line our street have completely fallen. From the warmth of my house, I watched the outside world welcome the coldest season of the year. As if barren, only the green colored pine trees contrasted the landscape of white covered grounds. Six inches thick of snow has cloaked the earth with its solemn beauty. Like minute specks of dust falling gently, ice fell as if God is chistling from the heavens above. The velvety white gleamed and reflected the light that penetrated through the dark clouds in the horizons. The skies seem so heavy, as if heaven and earth are reaching for each other’s bosom. Pavements are drenched with melted snow and rooftops are laid with perfect veil of white against the smokes of chimney. Such a picturesque piece of land, such life in this dark and cold weather. After a rose from my bed I took my robe from the edge of my bed and wore my winter slippers. I hurried to the kitchen where I found my Mom mixing hot chocolate on the stove. She poured the black thick liquid on a mug decorated with Old St. Nicholas’ portrait sleeping on a rocking chair. I added sprinkles of marshmallows and settled myself on the stool by the nook. I smelled the sweet savory flavor evaporating and smiled at my Mom with content. I love winter mornings, all the peace that envelops the earth lets me contemplate through the depths of my long sleeping soul. I went to the bathroom to take a shower. When I turned the knob and the waters started to gently lather my flesh, the hot waters steamed and misted the smoked windows.   It is a very relaxing feeling to find yourself so warm in this extremely frosted environment. After I finished, I put on my winter attire. I have prepared several pieces of clothing to prudently warm me through different layers. I wore my black colored thermal covering the entire lengths of my arms and legs and wrapping my body’s torso. Its smooth texture was a comfort to my skin. Then I continued with my dark blue turtle neck fleece sweater and I slid into a pair of straight cut denim jeans. I took my knee length winter boots made of camel colored suede with flat soles, wore them on my feet and slipped on my black down jacket that extends to my waist. I took my beret and placed it on my head and I warmed my hands with a pair of gray colored and knitted gloves. I finished off with with a long scarf that matches my mittens, wrapped it on my neck and stepped out of our front door. The cold winds gently brushed through my face and softly blew my hair. A distinct chill rushed through my veins which immediately made my shoulders tremble a little. I smelled the air and found myself smiling as I understood that pumpkin pies are being baked at our neighbor’s oven. Its sweet flavor entered my nose and I heartily enjoyed its scent. I saw my friend living next door, she is already outside playing with the snow. I saw her lying on the ground repeatedly swaying her arms and feet upwards and downwards. I realized that she is making a snow angel, as if a lass in the midst of a fairly land. I ran towards her and leaped next to her and made my own childhood memories come to life. The earth was soft and cold and I just stared at the skies with a sigh. Winter days are beautiful, they have their own charm and endearing beauty. Though most of the world seems to be barren and lifeless, it still holds a promise of rejuvenation. Nights may be longer than days, but the darkness retires our spirit and refreshes our sousls. How to cite The Grieving of the White Mistress, Papers

Opinions and Social Pressure When You Need to Go Outside the System

Introduction: Because They Say So. The Significance of the Authority Walking along the borderline that splits the world into a norm and the abnormal is one of the life’s most dangerous pleasures. Laws and rules are made for a reason, and breaking them means not only doing something unacceptable by the given society, in the given time and given circumstances, but also being separated from the rest of the world for a while and becoming an outcast.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Opinions and Social Pressure: When You Need to Go Outside the System specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Unless one has serious concerns for his/her well-being, (s)he is unlikely to go beyond the boundaries the authorities set, since it is the existing system of rules that helps people to feel safe; however, when there is something essential at stake, one will definitely disregard the existing rules and go against the established standa rds of conduct. What the Authorities Are Meant for: The League of Justice Is on the Watch However, the question is, what the authority figures are meant for. On the surface, these people help the rest of the humankind feel considerably safer and know for sure that nothing happens to people as long as the latter follow what the authorities say. Rather important function, it is yet not the most essential one; when digging a bit deeper into the issue, one must add that the function of the authorities also contains an element of guidance, i.e., serving people as the social weather vane pointing in the right direction and helping to figure out what is right and what is wrong and, which is the most important, to grant his/her approval. Even when there is no obvious authority in the sight, and, therefore, no way to check the ultimately right position, people are apt to follow with the decisions that the group makes, thus, admitting the authority of the many, since the latter are likely to accept their follower into their mini-society: â€Å"When we’re in a group, we tend to think as that group does: we may even have joined the group to find ‘like-minded’ people† (Lessing 724). Pushing the Rules to the Breaking Point: The Passion Rules the Game However, there comes the time when the social rules are no longer an option. However, as it has been mentioned previously, following the standards of the society is crucial for people and is actually a part of their nature; therefore, the question is, what exceptional factors can push one to cross the threshold of the social standards and willingly face the threat of becoming a social outcast. Analyzing some of the most obvious factors, one can possibly see that, at certain points, the boundaries of law can become way too restrictive. Plotting a rebellion. The stubborn individuals The first and the foremost idea that crosses peoples’ minds when they think of going against the opinion of the aut horities is the image of a tough rebel. In fact, this is pretty much the firs reason that makes people take a track which is different from the other alternatives.Advertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More According to Lessing, the element that presupposes more freedom and allows people to feel that they actually do the things which they consider right, not the ones which are offered them by the obtrusive social norms, is a really strong factor in determining the ultimate choice. As Lessing explains, taking the example with the people who have been given the wrong instructions by an authority and the ones who are allowed to make a choice on their own, the aspect of a â€Å"stubborn individual† is pretty important: â€Å"the solitary individual, or the couple, who have not been so instructed will assert that the pieces of wood or whatever are different† (724). Depending on th e situation: under the spur of the moment Another factor which can shape people’s idea of the issue in question and enhance free thinking instead of following the voice of the authority blindly is the environment. Once the outer factors do not favor the choice accepted by the social standards, one is likely to act against the accepted norms. When something truly important is at stake, e.g., life, health, etc., the choice is made disregarding the social standards. Indeed, as McEwan explains, â€Å"The situations in which we act can powerfully influence our behavior – including out choice to obey or disobey a questionable order† (689). Against the decisions of the group mind: walking alone The last, but not the least, the aspect of â€Å"group mind† (Ross and Nisbett 746) is also extremely powerful, yet it lacks logics much. In contrast to the previous cases, when the opinion of a single person depended on the ones of the many simply because the society wou ld have never accepted any other manner of behavior, in the given case, one acts just because the others would do so in a given situation. Paradoxical and yet understandable, this is the case when the problem comes rather from the inside than from the outside – it is not the society that puts pressure on an individual, but an individual who is unable to think on his/her own. Conclusion: Disobeying In the Name of Law. Escape the Pressure Therefore, it is clear that going against the established norms is extremely untypical for a basic human being; on the contrary, these are only the extraordinary cases when one decides to break the rules and oppose the crowd. However, it turns out that, when it comes to the factors which make people make a decision to go against the established norms, these are mostly the factors threatening people’s well-being or social status that make one cross the boundaries of the established norms, morals or even laws.Advertising We will writ e a custom essay sample on Opinions and Social Pressure: When You Need to Go Outside the System specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Despite the fact that among the factors listed above, the aspect of preserving one’s individuality is mentioned as well, it can still be considered that people tend to break the rules in order to stay safer, no matter how weird that can sound. Sometimes allowing them to keep their social status intact, and sometimes made for the sake of staying original and following one’s own idea of what is right and what is wrong, going against the opinion of the many serves as both the means to enhance one’s status as a self-assured and self-sufficient personality and at the same time reassure oneself that the decision has been made despite the opinion of the authorities, which also raises one’s self-esteem. Therefore, it can be concluded that, disregarding the factors surrounding the situatio n, a decision made against the authorities is an attempt to enter another stage of one’s personal development. Works Cited Lessing, Doris. â€Å"Group Minds.† Writing and Reading Across the Curriculum, 11th  Edition. Ed. Laurens Behrens and Leonard J. Rosen. London, UK: Longman, 2010. 723-725. Print. McEwan, Ian. â€Å"From Atonement.† Writing and Reading Across the Curriculum, 11th  Edition. Ed. Laurens Behrens and Leonard J. Rosen. London, UK: Longman, 2010. 688-692. Print. Ross, Lee and Richard E. Nisbett. â€Å"The Power of Situations.† Writing and Reading  Across the Curriculum, 11th Edition. Ed. Laurens Behrens and Leonard J. Rosen. London, UK: Longman, 2010. 745-750. Print. This essay on Opinions and Social Pressure: When You Need to Go Outside the System was written and submitted by user Jimmy E. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

7 Graphic Design Secrets Every Non-Designer Should Know

7 Graphic Design Secrets Every Non-Designer Should Know Whether youre designing a website, a flyer, or an invitation to a birthday party, there will likely come a time when youll need to know some of the basics of graphic designing to make your design visually appealing. Regardless of the software you use, odds are that youll be faced with a seemingly infinite number of fonts, clip art, colors and design elements that could potentially be used on your canvas. Its enough to make even the most creative non-designer overwhelmed!Some people are naturally gifted in knowing what placement and elements look best on a design project. For the rest of us, however, having an eye for design can take years of practice to develop. Thats why weve put together a list of tips from graphic design experts on the basics of design and ways to ensure that your project comes together exactly the way you envisioned it in your mind before you began- or maybe even better.1. Keep it in the (font) familyA common mistake non-designers make when designing an invitatio n, sign, advertisement, web page, etc., is to include several different fonts. In addition to making your text harder to read, using too many fonts makes your design look unprofessional, cluttered and generally unappealing to the eye.As with any field, youll find varying advice, but graphic design experts tend to agree that you should limit your typeface to one font- two at most, and that could be pushing it. When you are selecting the typeface for your project, if you must use two different fonts, be sure to keep the fonts within the same font family so that they are similar in appearance. This goes for titles, headings, subheadings and paragraphs. Instead of using a different font for emphasis, increase the size of the lettering to make a certain word or phrase stand out from the rest. This simple change in scale is all the emphasis (or de-emphasis) youll need.2. Understand that your fonts speak volumesWhile we are discussing fonts, lets talk about which fonts to use. Its importan t to understand that the fonts you choose affect the overall message of the design. For example, rounded fonts evoke a friendly, happy feeling while fonts with multiple sharp edges have a stronger, more aggressive feel. In graphic design for marketing, if the service or product being sold is luxurious, the designer might consider using cursive fonts. Basically, choosing the right font involves choosing a font that reflects the message and feel of your overall design.The design experts at Canva, a web-based design program, provide the following analogy to demonstrate the importance of font choice:Designers (including Erik Spiekermann, Dan Mayer, and Jessica Hische) have been known to compare choosing fonts for design projects to choosing an outfit to wear. And its an apt analogy. Think about what your clothes might say about you: based on what you wear, people might rightly or wrongly make assumptions about your style, your personality, your socio-economic background, your age (or th e age you wish you were), or the kind of impression you want to make. And different occasions and situations call for different apparel. You wouldnt wear a bathing suit to a job interview; then again, you wouldnt want to wear a suit and tie during your vacation on the beach either. Theres an element of appropriateness to consider.Canva3. Use scale and color for impactRemember when we discussed fonts and how to increase or decrease the scale of them for emphasis? The same holds true for any of the elements within your design. The best way to create impact in your message is to pay special attention to the scale and color of your text and its surrounding icons or photos. Poppie Pack, senior graphic designer for Canva, explains it like this:The size you apply to your type will also create typographic hierarchy, determining the order that your text is read. The colors you use for your text will also create hierarchy. Make sure you apply the strongest colors to the content you want read first. Try reducing the less significant text and increasing its letter spacing. This will fill space as well as creating flush lines.Poppie Pack4. Give each element its spaceOvercrowding images and text is another common mistake many non-designers make. And with all of the choices given in design programs, its an easy thing to do if youre not paying attention. Giving each element a little space to breathe (so to speak) will do wonders in making your design look more professional and easier to read.This is especially true with text. Dont crowd text too closely to make it fit. If youre limited on space and there is no way you can cut words in the text, make the font smaller instead of large and spaced too closely. The human eye cant read crowded text easily and needs to see space around elements (text or images) in order to distinguish the separation of the elements.You can look at a magazine or newspaper to see this in practice- the negative space in the margins and the spacing of t he text are fundamental in ensuring that the page is easy to read and pleasing to the eye. Well discuss more about whitespace (otherwise known as negative space) in tip #7.5. Simplicity is bestLeonardo Da Vinci, the famed painter, sculptor and inventor, once wrote that Simplicity is the ultimate sophistication. Ask any professional graphic designer and they are likely to tell you that the simple designs are usually the hardest to create. In fact, at the heart of great graphic design is simplicity.This goes for your images as well as the text youve placed within the design. If there is an element or word that doesnt have to be there, take it out. If your message is short and simple, it is more likely to be read and draw attention.6. Use contrasting colorsContrasting colors stand out and capture attention, so light text against a dark background, or alternately dark text against a light background is a good rule to follow. This can be difficult if you are using a photo as your backgro und and the photo has different colors or shades on it, but you can still find contrast by limiting the text to one area on the photograph. Another way to handle this is to create a translucent overlay to achieve contrast. Most photo editing software like PhotoShop can create this effect easily.7. White space is your friendAgain, consider Apples branding and their use of empty space to draw the eyes attention to their famous logo. Keep in mind that the negative space doesnt need to be literally white but empty space on your canvas is a good thing, so dont feel the need to fill it all with icons or text. The more stuff you put on your design, the less powerful it will be. Sometimes, this requires moving different elements around on your canvas to find the best way to create the space. However, as you do this, youll notice how different elements will draw your attention more based on where the empty space is.Also, reducing font or icon size to allow more space between lines of text al lows for that text to stand out more and catch the eye. This same idea holds true if you have a lot of text and need to put it in columns. The more whitespace you can put between the columns, the better. This is often just a process of narrowing the columns.Anna Guerrero explains it this way:As easy as it can be to over-design, it is important to avoid needless clutter. White space funnels your eye towards the content and allows your message to stand out. Clarity doesnt mean boring design; rather a strong design will speak for itself rather grabbing for the audiences attention. Consider Apples branding and advertising. It utilizes large areas of white space to communicate a sense of simplicity and to reflect the user-friendliness of its products. Books and magazines are a great example of the importance of white space. The margin- the blank area between the text and the edge of the page- makes reading dense copy much easier.Anna GuerreroReady to design?Obviously, you dont have to be a professional graphic designer to make your design project look great. If you pay attention to these seven concepts, its likely that no one will even know a non-designer created it!

Memorable Quotes by Steve Biko

Memorable Quotes by Steve Biko Steve Biko was one of South Africas most significant political activists and a leading founder of South Africas  Black Consciousness Movement. Read some of his most powerful and inspiring quotes here. On the Black Experience The blacks are tired of standing at the touchlines to witness a game that they should be playing. They want to do things for themselves and all by themselves. Black Consciousness is an attitude of the mind and a way of life, the most positive call to emanate from the black world for a long time. Its essence is the realisation by the black man of the need to rally together with his brothers around the cause of their oppression- the blackness of their skin- and to operate as a group to rid themselves of the shackles that bind them to perpetual servitude. We do not want to be reminded that it is we, the indigenous people, who are poor and exploited in the land of our birth. These are concepts which the Black Consciousness approach wishes to eradicate from the black mans mind before our society is driven to chaos by irresponsible people from Coca-cola and hamburger cultural backgrounds. Black man, you are on your own. So as a prelude whites must be made to realise that they are only human, not superior. Same with Blacks. They must be made to realise that they are also human, not inferior. The basic tenet of black consciousness is that the black man must reject all value systems that seek to make him a foreigner in the country of his birth and reduce his basic human dignity. On Political Activism You are either alive and proud or you are dead, and when you are dead, you cant care anyway. The most potent weapon in the hands of the oppressor is the mind of the oppressed. Being black is not a matter of pigmentation- being black is a reflection of a mental attitude. It becomes more necessary to see the truth as it is if you realise that the only vehicle for change are these people who have lost their personality. The first step therefore is to make the black man come to himself; to pump back life into his empty shell; to infuse him with pride and dignity, to remind him of his complicity in the crime of allowing himself to be misused and therefore letting evil reign supreme in the country of his birth. Merely by describing yourself as black you have started on a road towards emancipation, you have committed yourself to fight against all forces that seek to use your blackness as a stamp that marks you out as a subservient being.

Strategic Management and Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Strategic Management and Marketing - Essay Example e practices of competitors and the financial potentials of the customers; the wise use of resources also helped to the limitation of the firm’s expenses and the increase of its profits – a practice used especially for the period from 2008 onwards. The critical assessment of the firm’s policies led to the conclusion that in the near future the update of existing organizational strategies would be required in order for the firm to keep its competitiveness at high levels; innovation in all organizational activities and change of current firm’s culture would be necessarily included in such a project. The expansion of financial crisis during the last two years led to the limitation of activities of firms operating in various industrial sectors; cruise and vacations industry has been an industrial sector strongly affected by the world recession – under the continuous decrease of their income people at all levels of society had to review all their expenses – the limitation of funds spent on cruises and vacations has been an expected outcome of the current recession. However, it seems that the business environment has been traditionally hostile towards the firms that operate in the specific sector; this view is clearly stated by Morris (1990, p. 317); at a next level, the strategies of the firms that operate in this sector have been often characterized as ineffective, wrongly designed and developed or not appropriately supervised (Bloor & Sampson 2009, p. 711); under these terms, the use of ‘McKinneys seven S factors of Structure, Strategy, System, Staff, Skill, Style (leadership), and Shared Values’ (Lee et al. 2001, p. 49) is often proposed as a successful method in order to develop effective organizational plans; however, other issues, like a firm’s environment, its competitors and the use of its resources would be also thoroughly examined before focusing on the design and the establishment of strategic business policies. Carnival Corporation & Plc

Becoming an Effective Salesperson Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Becoming an Effective Salesperson - Term Paper Example Becoming an Effective Salesperson Selling means being able to persuade and convince the buyer that what is for sale is needed and a must for whatever purpose a buyer can be convinced that they are in need of filling. In examining the occupations that are defined as different types of sales, I feel that in my life I have the values and interests will allow me to become a successful salesperson. Being a good sales person requires a great many skills, and some natural talent. One of the primary skills that must be learned is how to sell, rather than just present a sales opportunity and hope the buyer buys the product. Being a professional salesperson means learning the skills that are required to motivate people to buy a product. It also means learning everything that one can possibly know about the product. Without behaving as a professional, sales will never be a profession, but merely something one is trying to accomplish. However, a professional knows how to move a sale and make it happen. A professional has gained the skills required through dedication to their profession. Many types of sales are accomplished without the company insisting that the sales associates treat their employment as a profession, however in order to take the position seriously and behave in a manner that best represents a product, treating the job as a profession will allow the worker to have the best possible tools for success. Treating the job of salesperson as a profession means honing the skills that best serve the position. According to Lytle (2000), â€Å"You want your customers to trust you. Your personal credibility and trust are vital parts of any successful salesperson-client relationship.† (p. 41). Part of being trustworthy is being prepared with solid, concrete information that closes the gaps between what the customer fears and what will bring the customer to the end of the sale. It is recommended that to be trustworthy, one must provide information that is accurate and complete, thus providing the most complete picture of how the product fills the need. Being trustworthy also means becoming prepared. Coming to a sales meeting with the intention of presenting several options that are the result of having studied the needs of the customer in comparison to the offerings of the company will go a long way in building trust (Lytle 2000). The two vital components to be truly trustworthy in the eyes of a customer is in being educated and in putting in work that creates a sense that the salesperson is prepared. One of the aspects of my personality that I think makes me suitable for a position in sales is that I am a firm believer in coming into a situation prepared for the outcomes. As well, I try to find ways to contribute to the situation, thus placing myself in a position of trust. I take this attitude with all tasks that I am giving, looking at the number of ways in which being prepared can contribute and then going about learning and studying the different aspects that might be n ecessary. I was taught the values of being prepared from a very young age, my parents instilling within me an ethic that provided me with the appropriate understanding of the connection between preparing for a situation so that should an opportunity present itself, I could honorably take advantage of it. Understanding the potential prospect means developing skills that will inspire the buyer to want to make a

Portrayal Of Women In Hip Hop Songs English Literature Essay

Portrayal Of Women In Hip Hop Songs English Literature Essay Disrespecting and Violent Attitude toward Women. It has been around three decades since hip hop emerged on the American cultural scene. The music genres which are associated with hip hop cultural phenomenon, especially gangsta rap and R B are believed to define street youth culture. These two hip hop music subgenres seem to be more influential than the other as there is more emphasis put on lyrical content than the music itself. The abundance of explicit words and messages in the songs makes them also controversial. Before listening to gangsta rap songs, one must be prepared most of all to hear extremely explicit language. The great number of derogatory terms embedded in the song lyrics is especially disturbing as they are greatly addressed to women women of colour in particular. Most of the cases involve name calling and violent attitude directed more likely at women in general than a particular person. Women in those songs are mostly placed in a sexual context and called e.g., bi tch, whore, hoochie, slut. Promoting violent sex theme was well documented in the Kubrin and Weizers research on the sample of 403 Amercian hip hop songs produced throughout the 1992-2000 but also noted in other articles/books etc. on the songs from the period 1987 1993.  [1]  The scholars have found that the main purpose of such songs is to justify violence against women and make it a legitimate tool of social control.  [2]  In such a view hip hop music promotes a set of gendered norms and enforces sanctions for those who do not abide those set up rules. Eminems song Kill You,  [3]  for example, describes women as vile, venomous, volatile bitches. Many other popular rappers, like Redman, Outcast, degrade women to being a chickenhead coined by association with giving oral sex. Whilst such terms are commonly perceived as pejorative, there are instances they may sound somewhat positive. One of the most successful rappers, Ludacris, in his hit song Pimpin All Over the Wor ld raps: I used to think that it was way too cold, til I went to Canada and saw some beautiful hoesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ã‚  [4]  And according to Ja Rule every thug needs a down ass bitch  [5]  , i.e. a girl who is tough, and demonstrates her solidarity with her man and the gang they belong to. While these terms may not carry derogatory connotations in these songs, women are still positioned here within the sexual perspective. Interesting to notice is a fact that offensive terms aimed towards men are usually words with feminine connotation (bitch, pussy): Im slick and slippery/ On a high-speed chase all the way to the victory. / Yall niggaz is stone cold mysteries. / Too weak, cant stand in the ring with me. / Put a pussy back in his place, straightlaced.  [6]  It also seems like to humiliate women goes hand in hand with getting respect from the other men. Men are referred to be pimps who can get a lot of hoes. (à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦) Legalize pimpin for all the pleyas, puttin fine a ss bitches in the streets and the hood.  [7]  While in most of the songs degrading women motif would appear randomly throughout the song, there are also cases in which that would be the main theme. The best example is Too $horts Aint Nothing Like Pimpin: Aint nothing like a mother fucking bitch! / You nasty, once a month bleeding, mother fucking, nasty ass, mother fucking bitch! / I hate your mother fucking ass. To justify their attitude towards women, many rappers give many reasons for doing so, such as women being too shallow: We couldnt get no play from the ladies. / With seven niggas in a Nav [Navigator] is you crazy?/ So we all said fuck you bitch and kept rolling.  [8]   Sometimes verbal disrespecting turns into violent threatening. According to Kubrin and Weizer aggression towards women appeared in almost 18 percent of the hip hop songs analyzed by them.  [9]  Extreme hostility towards women represent the songs of Eminems where he attacks his relatives, especially his mother and ex wife in Under the Influence : all bitches is hoes, even my stinkin ass mom.  [10]  He even threatens to kill them: Bitch Ima kill you! / You dont wanna fuck with me. / Girls leave you aint nuttin but a slut to me. He also seems to be perfectly aware of the fact his lyrics cause controversy. In the same song he admits to that: Oh, now hes raping his own mother/abusing a whore, snorting coke/ and we gave him the Rolling Stone cover? (Eminem, Kill you)  [11]   Violence covers a broad spectrum in hip hop. Not only is it perceived as a legitimate tool of manipulation between men but also serves as an answer for disobedience of women. Such insubordination is interpreted in many ways. According to the rapper Dr. Dre: snobby-ass bitches get slapped out of spite.  [12]  Another popular performer Mase warns his potential sex victims to get tested on sexually transmitted diseases beforehand or else: If she make my nuts itch, I kill that slut bitch.  [13]  Eminem seems to have issues with women in general and promotes violence as the only communication means between men and women. Usurping and assuming power on women in hip hop songs are often represented by descriptions of rough sex: Hit you with the dick, make your kidneys shift/ Im guaranteed to fuck her till her nose bleed.  [14]  Kubrin and Weizer noted four recurring instances of violence in the American gangsta rap songs. Rappers pride themselves on sex acts that are harmful to women. They justify other acts of violence and threaten women who try to defy male supremacy. They also seem to encourage other men to resort to violence acts whenever they find it suitable. Violence seems to be the most appropriate response to women who abuse such gendered protocol, i.e. dont know their place. Women as Sexual Objects The notion of sexual objectification means that a person is perceived through the prism of physical attractiveness with disregard to the persons intellectual abilities.  [15]  Kubrin and Weizer, in their paper on the misogyny in rap music stated that sexual objectification of women was noted in 67 percent of the songs analyzed.  [16]  The main conclusion drawn from these lyrics is that women are only good to satisfy mens sexual pleasures. The title of one of the N.W.A songs, Findum, Fuckum, and Flee. may serve as creed of the street code, according to which mens goal would be pursuit of pleasure and sexual exploitation of women.  [17]  Puff Daddys intentions are brazenly blatant in: Call me Sean if you suck, call me gone when I nut. / Thats the end of us, get your friend to fuck  [18]  . While his fellow rapper, Too $hort, honestly admits the only thing he would try to get from women is sex without strings attached: I aint Romeo, Prince Charming, or a knight in shinin g armor./ Im only out to fuck a bitch, fuck tryin to charm her. I treat a fine ass bitch like dirt./ No money in her purse, a fuck is all its worth./ Cause Short Dawgll never cater to you hoes./ And if you aint fuckin, I say later to you hoes.  [19]   A pretty disturbing fact surfaced in this Xzibits song. Judging by the lyrics, women are considered to be mens property: You got titties and ass./ But I got a dick and some cash./You aint talkin bout shit./ Then Ima smash, bitch./ On three, on me, bitch, you my property.  [20]  This brings back to life one of the atrocities of slavery, when black women were often forced to keep exploitive sexual relations with their slave masters in exchange for better treatment, food, or simply to satisfy the oppressors urge.  [21]  It seems that even though the American society has come a long way from the times of slavery, black women are nowhere near to being treated as free, independent individuals. As the American culture critic bell hooks points in her book Aint I a Woman: Black Women and Feminism, that black women in America have been oppressed from the seventeenth century till today by white men, black men as well as white women. She argues that women of colour have been omitted by the white feminist movement as well as the civil rights movement. The author perceives feminist movement as being a white middle and upper class struggle which showed no interest in issues of women of colour. Black women found themselves trapped into confines both gender and race. Thus, they have never been liberated from the institutionalized sexism patriarchy, and racism. Additionally, in bell hooks opinion the Black Power movement was both patriarchal, misogynistic. As much as it aimed to overcome racial divisions it also sought to reinforce the sexist ones.  [22]  Black male attitude towards their female counterparts presented in number of hip hop songs manifests their pursuit to keep women subordinate. Nowadays many rappers often express how they would put women in the right spot, as Too $hort: Hoes be nothin but slaves for me, / ready to go to their graves for me. (Too $hort, Pimp Me)  [23]  , or Xzibit: (à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦) Im hard on my hoes thats how it goes./ Bitch, get up off your toes, and get my six-four [Chevrolet] (Xibit, Pussy Pop).  [24]   Daniel Patrick Moynihan, an American politician and sociologist, in his report The Negro Family: The Case for National Action, also known as Moynihan Report, released in 1965 analyzed the data from the U.S. department of labor and drew a conclusion that black women had significant advantages over the black men to be employed thus they could provide for the family more effectively. He also suggested that the traditional African American household is ruled by the matriarchal and emasculating women, an archetypical Mammy, which would imply that black men were symbolically castrated by their female counterparts. In order to stop degradation of the Negro family, black men need to seek the ways to restore their manhood.  [25]  The lyrics of contemporary hip hop songs suggest that by degrading women, rappers may seek to regain their manhood. They suggest that the only desirable image of a black woman is the promiscuous and oversexed one as in Redmans: I turn an independent woman back in to a hoochie.  [26]  Notorious B.I.G. humiliates educated girls: I like em educated, so I can bust off on their glasses.  [27]  These stereotypical images have their roots in the times of slavery in America. Southern white males would consider black men and especially women as possessed by their hypersexuality. The reason for such supposition might be cultural differences between Western Europe and Africa of the time. European travelers who visited Africa were often stunned to see semi nude native black women and commonly accepted polygamy. Nakedness in that time was perceived as a manifestation of indecency. The travelers embraced such a shocking experience by assuming that all black women are promiscuous by nature. They contrast between the clothed Victorian ladies and naked native African women may have prompted assumptions that white women, on the contrary to black women, are civilized and sexually pure. Hence the symbol of black women reinforced by such depiction was Je zebel.  [28]  It seems that African American women could not escape from the image of an instinctively promiscuous Jezebel assigned to them back in the slavery era. Stereotypes that were set at that time still affect black women nowadays. What is more, the stereotype of a seductive and lewd black woman has been perpetuated by their male counterparts. As the Jezebel image applied to black slave women might have been a way to justify maltreatment they were given, such reasoning applies also today.  [29]  Another justification for disrespecting women may be a fierce peer pressure on young men in ghettos. Male promiscuity is highly valued there.  [30]  Casual sex with no commitment gets a man proud patch of a player, proves of his masculinity and helps to get respect from the others: I had niggas making bets like, did he fuck her yet?/ Ask her did he touch her bra, when I say nah they say ahh / So tomorrow I use that pressure to undress her.  [31]  The Kubrins research s hows that bragging about sexual achievements was present in 58 percent of the songs.  [32]  Most of it implied how easy for a player is to talk a girl into having sex: You see I order one bottle, then I fuck with one model/ Then I order more bottles, now I/ got more models/ Im from that city where them niggaz dont play mayn/ I take a chick to my/ room like caveman/ So ask your girlfriend my name (à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦).  [33]   Women are also treated as a symbol of achievement. Having a lot of casual sex proves that you are either a player or have a lot of money. As these seem to be the only means of getting a girl into sexual intercourse in the ghetto: Say dog, what kinda nigga be on top of the world?/Million dollar status got me on top of ya girl.  [34]  Ability to sexually please a girl is perceived as a symbol of your high status. Below there is an example of how the rappers fondle their ego in that matter: While your bitch be crying please dont stop. . . I fuck her like I know you wont./ If thats your bitch, homeboy youd better keep her Cause she wont stay off my beeper.  [35]  The female is used here just to partake in a sexual competition between men. Women cannot be granted any respect from the rappers, as they are described to be as much interested in heavy drinking, sex, and money as men. The only difference here is that a man will be positively referred to as a player or a pimp but a girl will be always called a bitch. Lyrics imply that if a girl is being promiscuous and greedy it also justifies the maltreatment she receives from men as in hit song The Gangsta, the Killa, and the Dope Dealer: All on the grass [marijuana], every bitch passed [out]/ A first not last, when we all hit the ass.  [36]  Women are treated as a commodity which can be consumed, used, passed to someone else and given out: I know the pussys mines, Ima fuck a couple more times/ And then Im through with it, theres nothing else to do with it./ Pass it to the homie, now you hit it/ Cause she aint nuthin but a bitch to me.  [37]   Prostitutes are the classic example of sexual objectification and exploitation. Such image of a woman is to be expected in hip hop music since it has emerged out of ghetto setting. This theme has been found present in one-fifth of the songs analyzed by Kubrin and Weizer.  [38]  Prostitution and pimping are celebrated by rappers and classified as a justifiable means of economic achievement.  [39]  These themes do not seem to be taken into consideration by any other music genre. Some rappers to get more credibility claim to have been a real life pimps ( Ice- T, Snoop Dogg, Jay-Z, K-Luv). Pimping has a broader meaning in hip hop than just managing prostitutes. To pimp something can mean to sponsor it or to accessorize it. The term pimp is often used as a substitute for player, a man who mastered in seducing women or hustlers who show off with their nouveau riche assets  [40]  . This kind of a pimp chic imagery is a popular topic among rappers. Some even devote the whole song s to glamorize such lifestyle: The fancy cars, the women and the caviar. /You know who we are/cuz were pimpin all over the world.  [41]  There is also a number of rap songs in which we can find a lot of references to the standard definition of a pimp man who headhunts and employs prostitutes. Kubrins research takes into account this standard definition and notes that this theme was detected in 20 percent of the misogynistic songs.  [42]  Most of them contain the same message that women are good only to sell sex and men can usurp the right to access to their bodies: No need for rest haven these hoes Lets show em what they pussy made fo Lets me and you lay in these hoes And show em what they pussy made foà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ . Lets leave without payin these hoes And show em what they pussy made fo.  [43]   Such images are present even in RNB which is supposed to be focused more on the rhythm and music than less abundant in explicit lyrical content: Ace mizzy get all the hoes. /Gonna teach them shit they want to know. / Like fuck that pussy ass 9-4 girl./ Make that bucket a pot of gold.  [44]  These lyrics convey extremely disturbing misogynistic messages especially that hip hop aspires to be considered as a true voice of the urban ghetto. In that case, judging by the lyrics, the ghetto seems to inhabit pimps, pimps in training and prostitutes. While women are being described as sexual objects, men get the message to cherish the life of a pimp. Women seem to be painted with the same brush and not considered as an individual human beings. The only interaction between these two parties boils down to a scenario of what a pimp would do to a prostitute. Women Not to Be Trusted Another piece of advice, recurring in many hip hop songs, is the one that a man has to be careful of whom they put trust in. And women seem to be the least trustworthy. According to Kubrin and Weizer almost half of the misogynistic songs exposed such attitude of distrust towards women.  [45]  Another fact worth noticing here is that the lack of trust is directed at all women with no exception. All women in general are considered tricky evil creatures. For some rappers a question How could you trust a ho?  [46]  is rather a rhetorical one. Others unveil specific reasons why they cant trustem. In a song byà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ a young girl is not only promiscuous but also will surely lie to you about her age which will get you in trouble and most likely put you in prison: See nowadays man you got to know these bitches age/ Cause they ass be real fast when they be goin through that phase. / You fuck a girl thats young, and you gonna end up in the cage.  [47]  Women solidarity is c riticized. There will be no point in defending yourself as the mother will be on her little girls side: Cause her mom aint tryin to hear that you never knew her age.  [48]  Not only do women stand up for one another but will also try to get some material compensation from you. Some rappers, like Nas, warn that it is a bad idea to force women into having sex, not because of the atrocity of this act, but rape accusation that may follow: Dont take the pussy, if she fightin/ Cause you saw what happened to Tupac and Mike Tyson./ Specially if you large [famous], some hoes is trife [petty]/ Get you on a rape charge, have you servin your life.  [49]  Despite being convicted of rape, a legendary boxer Mike Tyson and rapper Tupac Shakur, were considered as the most celebrated heroes of the hip hop generation in 1990s. This fact well illustrates the gender conflict of that generation. During and after the trial, many black male church leaders defended Tyson claiming that the whole proc ess was an attempt of the white supremacist to destroy a well-known black man. The president of the National Baptist convention in USA was suspected for offering a bribe to the Tysons complainant. For a substantial back male part of the society the issue was not about gender but about racism.  [50]  This example proves of an extreme solidarity within African American male society. Countless hip hop lyrics strongly reinforce the idea of conspiracy theory that is supposedly drawn by the evil system and women. Tyson was accused and sentenced for a date rape on 18- year-old Miss Black Road Island. Tupac Shakur heard the same charges from his groupie whom he forced to have a group sexual intercourse with. These two events may have influenced a number of hip hop artists who eagerly express a lot of distrust in beautiful women. Such attitude against beautiful women permeates throughout many hip hop songs. It seems to be more than certain these ladies will try to deceive you with their looks and take advantage of you in no time. They are considered by the rappers to be decoys for set up. There are number of songs which describe such procedure: You know they [women] might be the one to set me up. / Wanna get they little brother to wet [kill] me upà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦/ Bitches be schemin, I kid ya not. / Thats why I keep my windows locked and my Glock cocked.  [51]   Another way for women to set men up is to get pregnant. This seems to be not only the concern of the rappers, but also a common prejudice among the male in ghetto neighborhoods. Anderson states that to claim a child is against the street code of hit and run  [52]  . The rappers warn their male audience: Why plant seeds in a dirty bitch, waitin to trick me?/ Not the life for me.  [53]  Owning up to pregnancy means not only breech of the code but also commitment which is condemned by the peers. But the greatest concern of men would be paying child support: I aint lettin nothin leak cause if things leak, then Im a get caught/ And I cant get caught cause you know how they do it about that child support./ Shit, bitches is cold on a nigga who aint got his game tight/ Getting 18.5 percent [child support payments] half your life.  [54]  Generally speaking, collection of child support is a problem in the times of crisis, especially for unqualified African-American workers. A tough choice has to be made, whether to cater for your own needs or your childs. As the money for the children upbringing goes to their mothers pockets, the male frustration and resentment towards women grows. Being broke does not match the image of the self-proclaimed pimp or a player. No more player, no Shorty the Pimp I get paid, divert a check and get 40 percent. All the homies talkin bad, hair down, walkin sad Got the broad livin with me, baby sayin Dad!à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ I could try to mack again but the bitches wont want me Cause Im all washed up, broke, fat, and funky. I lost everything that I worked to be Never thought Id be a trick, payin hoes to serve me.  [55]   The lyrics make it obvious that women cannot be trusted because they are a hazard to men pimps. If they do not get you in prison or ridicule you in front of your peers and hinder your image of a thug, they well surely drain your pocket. And this is what rappers seem to be the most anxious about. Getting rich ( à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦or die trying by 50Cent)  [56]  seems to be the mostly frequent motive of all. And the streets seem to be filled with gold diggers on the prowl only interested in you because of your money: Watch the honeys check your style/ Worthless, when they worship, what you purchase./They only see ice [diamonds], not me, under the surface/Whats the purpose?  [57]  Gold Digger by Kanye West may serve as the best example of a song that describes a seductive, yet greedy woman who takes advantage of men.  [58]  This type of a woman is mostly feared by those men who climbed up the social ladder, became businessmen, or celebrities and like to show off their recently acquired wealth. They (who?) are considered to be the easiest targets as they feel no limits for dispensing money and boast about their affluence. She (who is she?) is described as a very tricky cutie the bomb. Once she has set her sight on her super rich male target, the first thing she will try to do is charm him by her gorgeous looks, and seduce him. She will try to blend in his elite circle to get to him. In no time she will make him spend money on her and her friends and he will do it just to impress her. And if you expect to get a chance with her you would better comply with the rules of her game. Her main goal is to secure her life with her preys money. If she fails to drag his feet down the aisle, she will get pregnant just to get secure her life with his money anyway. Oftentimes it happens that after eighteen years of paying the child support the baby turns out to be not his. Whilst men in hip hop songs do not see anything wrong in taking advantage of women, they seem to fe ar of getting such favor returned by them. Their concern is also not to get ridiculed in front of other men. If that happens, Kanye West gives them a self explanatory answer back: she aint messin wit no broke niggaz.  [59]  There is also a message to black women in general in the last stanza of this song. No matter if you are a gold digger or you are being a down to earth girl and stick to your man regardless of his material status, there is a bad ending for you anyway. If he is ambitious enough, he will get rich sooner or later. However when it happens, he will: leave your ass for a white girl. This suggests that white women are ranked higher than black women in the hip hop social hierarchy. According to the findings of the study on the he effect of images of African American women in hop hop on adolescents sleek hair texture and lighter skin tone would be considered as the main determinants of female attractiveness  [60]  . These traits would be most sought for by both mal e and female who participated in the survey. Also historically these features were used as measures of social, political and economic significance for African Americans. Those who resembled European Americans would be located higher in the American social strata.  [61]  Such supposition may have influenced the pursuit of white women by black men. The image of a strong, emasculating black woman versus a pure and submissive Vi

China’s Environmental Issues Essay

China has many environmental issues, severely affecting its biophysical environment as well as human health. Rapid industrialization as well as lax environmental oversight have contributed to the problems. The Chinese government has acknowledged the problems and made various responses, resulting in some improvements, but the responses have been criticized as inadequate. As of 2012 there is increased citizen activism regarding government decisions which are perceived as being environmentally damaging. (Wikipedia) As China’s economic growth continues to blossom in 2007, with the countries GDP hitting 11.4%, alongside China gets hit by an environmental crisis. Sixteen of the world’s twenty most polluted cities are in China. Experts say the Chinese government has made serious efforts to clean up and achieved many of the bid commitments. Beijing’s pledge to host a â€Å"Green Olympics† in the summer of 2008 signaled the country’s willingness to address its environmental problems for example. However, an environmentally sustainable growth rate remains a serious challenge for the country. (http://www.cfr.org/china/chinas-environmental-crisis/p12608) China’s major environmental issues: * Water- China suffers from water shortage and water pollution. About one-third of China’s population lacks access to clean drinking water. s part of its effort to harness the nation’s water supply, China has a large dam-building program with over twenty-five thousand dams nationwide–more than any other nation. The dam projects are not only a high cost in terms of money, but also in farmland loss, ecological damage, and forced migration of millions of people, says the Woodrow Wilson Center’s Jennifer L. Turner, director of its China Environment Forum, in a report for the Jamestown Foundation. * Land- Desertification in China leads to the loss of about 5,800 square miles of grasslands every year, an area roughly the size of Connecticut. The Worldwatch Institute, an environmental watchdog and research organization, reports that excessive farm cultivation, particularly overgrazing, is one of the leading causes of desertification. As the deforestation grows, so do the number of sandstorms; a hundred were expected between 2000 and 2009. Desertification also contributes to China’s air pollution problems, with increasing dust causing a third of China’s air pollution. * Greenhouse gases- In 2008, China surpassed the United States as the largest global emitter of greenhouse gases by volume. (Not per capita however) The increase in China’s emissions is primarily due to the country’s reliance on coal, which accounts for over two-thirds of its energy consumption, contributing to sulfur dioxide emissions causing acid rain.

Spanish Contronyms Words That Are Their Own Opposites

Most words have more than one meaning, but it takes a special class of word — its called a contronym in English and an autoantà ³nimo (self-antonym) in Spanish — to have two meanings that are the opposite of each other. The classic examples are the verb to sanction and its Spanish cognate, sancionar. Sanctioning can be a desirable thing when it means to give approval, but it can be something to avoid when it refers to punishing. Usually, context will tell you which meaning is intended. Contronyms sometimes go by other names such as Janus words, contranyms and auto-antonyms, and contrà ³nimos or antagà ³nimos in Spanish. Here are some of the most common contronyms in Spanish: Alquilar The core meaning of alquilar is to engage in a rental or lease transaction. It can mean either to rent to or to rent from. Alquilà © un coche para mi vacacià ³n en Mà ©xico. (I rented a car for my vacation in Mexico.)Voy a alquilar mi casa a cuatro estudiantes de la universidad. (Im going to lease my house to four students from the university.) Arrendar Arrendar is usually synonymous with alquilar but is less common. Tengo el derecho de arrendar la tierra de mi madre. (I have the right to lease my mothers land.)Se dice que es mejor arrendar a los extranjeros porque son muy puntuales en pagar. (They say its better to rent to foreigners because they are very punctual in paying.) Huà ©sped As its core, huà ©sped  (the word can be either masculine or feminine) refers to someone involved with lodging. Thus it can refer to either a guest or a host, the latter meaning being considerably less common and old-fashioned. These days, huà ©sped refers to a host most often in a biological sense. Permanecimos como sus huà ©spedes aquel fin de semana. We stayed as her guests that weekend.Los parà ¡sitos pueden ser transmitidos de un huà ©sped a otro a travà ©s del consumo de alimentos y de agua contaminados. Parasites can be transmitted from one host to another through the consumption of contaminated food and water. Ignorar To ignore means to know that something exists or occurs but to act otherwise. Ignorar can have that meaning, but it can also mean to not know that something exists or occurs, just as to be ignorant does. Muchas personas ignoran las seà ±ales de problemas cardiacos. (Many people ignore the signs of heart problems.)Es posible que Peter ignore tu nombre. (Its possible that Peter is unaware of your name.) Limosnero As a noun, a limosnero is often a social worker, a generous person or someone who provides charity to someone. However, it can also refer to a beggar or someone who is a recipient of charity. El limosnero papal dijo que necesitamos buscar a los pobres para ayudarlos. (The papal almsgiver said we need to seek out the poor in order to help them.)Un limosnero murià ³ mientras descansaba en un banco del parque. (A beggar died while he was sleeping on a park bench.) Là ­vido Là ­vido is used when talking about the color of someone who is pale or pallid, and it can also be used when referring to skin or a body part that has become bruised or black-and-blue. Se tornà ³ là ­vida como un fantasma. (She became as pale as a ghost.)Mi amigo tenà ­a las piernas là ­vidas despuà ©s del accidente. (My friend had bruised legs after the accident.) Oler Like to smell, oler can mean either to emit an odor or to perceive an odor. El espray procedente de la mofeta huele horriblemente mal. (Spray coming from a skunk smells horribly bad.)Por alguna causa no puedo oler o respirar bien. (For some reason I cant smell or breathe well.) Sancionar In Latin, the verb from which sancionar came from often referred to a decree or legal ruling. As such legal actions can be either positive or negative, sancionar came to apply to official actions that either approve or disapprove an action of some kind. As in English, the noun form, la sancià ³n (sanction), can have similarly opposite meanings. El Congreso sancionà ³ la nueva ley de energà ­as renovables. (The Congress approved the law on renewable energy sources.)La maestra me sancionà ³ por mi mala conducta. (The teacher punished me for my bad behavior.)

Television and Censorship - Violence Rating System Needed...

Violence Rating System Needed for TV Programs While society recognizes the detrimental effects of general television on children, parents and other child advocacy groups dont feel as though there is an adequate rating system. Consequences of ineffective rating systems are that childrens personalities are being negatively affected. The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) has made legislation to address this issue, but the childrens advocacy community is still dissatisfied. This community includes The National PTA, the American Psychological Association, The Center for Educational Priorities and other child advocacy groups. Current discussions include the government and FCCs disregard for parents feedback on current ratings†¦show more content†¦This device is a decoder box installed in televisions that rates television programs with the letters like TV-Y7, TV-PG, and TV-M. Children advocacy groups argue that the entertainment industry themselves puts these ratings on the programs and that these letters arent descripti ve enough for parents to understand what to expect in the content of a show. Parents and other childrens interest groups recognize that television programming is becoming increasingly violent, among other things, and this impacts society. Studies have measured televisions effects and specifically how children respond to violence. According to research for a 1985 resolution passed by the American Psychological Association, there are three main effects of violence on children: children may become less sensitive to the pain and suffering of others, children may be more fearful of the world around them and children may be more likely to behave in aggressive ways toward others(1998). The V-chip and its rating system has been proposed as the solution for parents to judge content of television shows. 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